Dental bridges provide a practical and aesthetic way to replace one or more missing teeth. By filling gaps with custom-designed restorations, bridges help maintain proper bite alignment and restore natural chewing and speaking functions. Beyond improving your smile’s appearance, they also prevent neighboring teeth from shifting out of place.
In this article, we’ll examine the various types of dental bridges, how they work, and what to expect during treatment.
Understanding Dental Bridges
A dental bridge is a prosthetic device that closes the gap left by missing teeth. It generally features one or more artificial teeth (pontics) held in position by dental crowns affixed to adjacent teeth or implants (called abutment teeth). By filling the space, bridges prevent bite issues and misalignment, protecting your overall oral health.
Commonly constructed from porcelain, gold alloys, or a blend of materials, dental bridges are customized to blend seamlessly with the color and shape of your natural teeth.
Types of Dental Bridges
Your dentist will recommend the best bridge option based on your unique needs and the location of the missing tooth or teeth. Here are four common types:
1. Traditional Fixed Bridge
This is the most common variety. One or more pontics (artificial teeth) are anchored by crowns cemented onto the teeth flanking the gap. Traditional bridges are non-removable and offer a sturdy, durable solution for tooth replacement.
2. Cantilever Bridge
Cantilever bridges rely on just one adjacent tooth for support. They’re typically used in areas with lighter chewing forces—such as the front teeth—because they’re less stable than traditional bridges.
3. Resin-Bonded (Maryland) Bridge
Sometimes called a Maryland bridge, this option is often used for front teeth. A porcelain pontic is fused to metal or porcelain “wings” that bond to the backs of neighboring teeth. This design requires less alteration of the abutment teeth.
4. Implant-Supported Bridge
An implant-supported bridge is ideal if you’re missing several teeth in a row. Rather than depending on adjacent natural teeth, this bridge is supported by dental implants surgically placed in the jawbone. It’s one of the most stable and long-lasting solutions available.
Key Advantages of Dental Bridges
- Enhanced aesthetics: Bridges fill gaps to create a more natural-looking smile.
- Improved function: Replacing missing teeth helps you chew and speak more comfortably.
- Prevents shifting: Filling gaps stops adjacent teeth from drifting out of alignment.
- Maintains facial structure: Missing teeth can lead to a sunken appearance over time; bridges support the face to preserve its shape.
- Durable solution: With proper care, bridges can last for many years.
The Dental Bridge Procedure
The process of receiving a dental bridge generally spans two or more visits to your dentist:
1. Initial Consultation
Your dentist assesses your oral health, takes X-rays, and ensures the teeth adjacent to the gap (abutments) are strong enough to support a bridge.
2. Tooth Preparation
The abutment teeth are filed and shaped to accommodate crowns. This step allows for a snug, secure fit.
3. Impressions
An impression of your prepared teeth is taken and sent to a lab, where your custom bridge is crafted from porcelain, metal alloys, or a combination of materials.
4. Temporary Bridge
While the permanent restoration is being fabricated, your dentist places a temporary bridge to protect the prepared teeth.
5. Fitting the Permanent Bridge
Once your custom bridge is ready, the temporary bridge is removed, and the new bridge is adjusted for a precise fit. After ensuring it’s comfortable and aligned, the bridge is permanently cemented in place.
Caring for Your Dental Bridge
Proper maintenance is crucial for the longevity of your bridge. Consider these care tips:
- Brush and floss daily: Focus on the bridge area, using special floss threaders or super floss to clean beneath the pontic.
- Use an antibacterial mouthwash: This helps reduce plaque buildup around the bridge and abutment teeth.
- Attend regular dental checkups: Professional cleanings and exams ensure your bridge and surrounding teeth stay healthy.
- Avoid biting on hard objects: Chewing ice or eating very sticky foods can damage or loosen the bridge.
Considering Implant-Supported Bridges
If you’re missing multiple teeth or your abutment teeth lack sufficient support, implant-supported bridges may be the best choice. By placing dental implants in the jawbone, you gain an exceptionally secure foundation that doesn’t rely on neighboring teeth. Implants also reduce bone loss by stimulating the jawbone, offering both functional and aesthetic benefits over time.
Conclusion
Dental bridges offer a reliable way to restore your smile’s appearance and functionality after tooth loss. By closing gaps and maintaining proper bite alignment, bridges protect against further dental complications. With the right type of bridge and consistent oral hygiene, you can enjoy a confident, healthy smile for years to come. Consult your dentist to determine if a dental bridge suits your needs and learn more about the entire treatment process.