Dental crowns are synthetic caps, typically made from porcelain or other durable materials, that are placed on top of a damaged or weakened tooth. Crowns are used to restore the tooth’s functionality, strength, and appearance, making them a versatile solution in various dental treatments. Whether it’s due to decay, damage, or aesthetic concerns, crowns offer a reliable way to protect and enhance teeth.
In this article, we’ll cover the common reasons for getting a crown, the procedure involved, and how to care for your crown to ensure it lasts as long as possible.
What Are Dental Crowns?
A dental crown is a custom-made cap that covers the visible portion of a tooth. It is designed to restore the tooth’s shape, size, strength, and appearance. Crowns can be made from a variety of materials, including:
- Porcelain: Most common for its natural appearance.
- Ceramic: Known for its durability and resemblance to natural teeth.
- Metal alloys: Often used for their strength and durability, particularly for molars.
- Porcelain fused to metal: A combination that provides strength and a more natural appearance.
- Resin: A more affordable option, though less durable than other materials.
Reasons for Getting a Crown
Dental crowns are used for several different purposes, ranging from restorative to cosmetic. Here are some common reasons why a crown may be recommended:
1. Restoring a Tooth After a Root Canal
After a root canal, the tooth structure may be weakened, making it more susceptible to damage. A crown provides strength and protection to ensure the tooth remains functional.
2. Severe Tooth Decay
When a tooth is severely decayed and a filling isn’t enough to restore it, a crown can cover and protect the tooth. Crowns are often used when large portions of the tooth must be removed due to decay.
3. Cracked or Broken Teeth
Crowns are often applied to protect a cracked or broken tooth, preventing further damage and preserving the tooth’s functionality. This is especially important for molars, which bear the brunt of chewing forces.
4. Supporting a Dental Bridge
Crowns are used to attach a dental bridge, which replaces one or more missing teeth. The crowns are placed on the adjacent teeth, acting as anchors to support the bridge.
5. Covering a Dental Implant
Dental implants often require crowns to complete the restoration. The implant acts as the root of the missing tooth, while the crown provides the visible, functional part of the tooth.
6. Cosmetic Enhancements
Crowns can also be used to improve the appearance of discolored or misshapen teeth. They provide a long-lasting solution to restore a tooth to its natural appearance.
The Dental Crown Procedure
Getting a crown typically involves two visits to the dentist. Here’s what to expect during the procedure:
1. Preparation
In the first visit, the dentist will prepare the tooth for the crown by removing a small portion of the enamel to make space for the crown. If the tooth is severely damaged or decayed, a filling may be required to build up the tooth structure.
2. Impressions
After the tooth is prepared, the dentist will take an impression of the tooth and the surrounding area. This impression is sent to a dental lab, where a custom crown will be created to fit perfectly over the tooth.
3. Temporary Crown
While waiting for the permanent crown to be fabricated, a temporary crown is placed over the tooth to protect it.
4. Final Placement
During the second visit, the dentist will remove the temporary crown and place the permanent crown. The dentist will check the fit and color, making any necessary adjustments before permanently cementing the crown into place.
Crowns vs. Veneers
It’s important to note that crowns and veneers are not the same. While both can improve the appearance of your teeth, they serve different purposes:
- Crowns cover the entire tooth and are used for structural repairs and strengthening.
- Veneers are thin shells that cover only the front surface of the tooth and are mainly used for cosmetic purposes.
Caring for Your Dental Crowns
With proper care, a dental crown can last for many years—up to eight years or longer in most cases. Here are some tips for taking care of your crown:
1. Maintain Good Oral Hygiene
Continue brushing and flossing as you normally would, paying special attention to the area around the crown. Plaque and food particles can accumulate around the crown, leading to decay in the remaining natural tooth.
2. Avoid Hard or Sticky Foods
Be mindful of what you eat. Chewing on hard foods like ice or nuts can damage the crown, while sticky foods like caramel can pull it loose. It’s best to avoid these types of foods to prolong the life of your crown.
3. Watch for Bruxism (Teeth Grinding)
If you suffer from bruxism, or teeth grinding, it’s important to address this condition. Grinding your teeth can significantly shorten the lifespan of your crown and even cause it to crack. Wearing a night guard can help protect both your natural teeth and your crown.
4. Regular Dental Checkups
Visit your dentist regularly for professional cleanings and checkups. Your dentist will monitor the condition of your crown and make any necessary adjustments to ensure it stays in good shape.
Conclusion
Dental crowns are a reliable and effective solution for restoring damaged or weakened teeth. Whether used to protect a tooth after a root canal, cover a cracked tooth, or improve the appearance of a discolored tooth, crowns provide long-lasting results that enhance both the function and appearance of your smile.
By maintaining good oral hygiene, avoiding harmful habits, and visiting your dentist regularly, you can ensure that your crown lasts for many years and continues to protect your teeth. If you think you may need a crown, consult your dentist to determine the best treatment plan for your oral health needs.